Sustainable development seeks to balance economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection for a better future. The UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted in 2015, tackle crucial global issues like poverty, inequality, climate change, and hunger, with a target completion date of 2030. Among these goals, Zero Hunger (SDG 2) is crucial because it directly affects health, education, and economic productivity. Despite some progress, hunger and malnutrition still impact millions around the globe. These problems are made worse by poverty, conflict, climate change, and ineffective food systems. This paper examines these complex challenges and underscores the need for sustainable farming practices, technological innovation, and policies grounded in evidence. It highlights the importance of research and education in raising awareness, encouraging community participation, and developing tailored solutions through cooperation among governments, academia, and local stakeholders. India’s rapid technological growth, paired with traditional agricultural knowledge, offers valuable insights into building food security and nutrition sustainably. The study advocates for stronger interdisciplinary research, improved skill development, and support for innovation to create resilient and fair food systems that can handle future challenges. In the end, speeding up progress toward Zero Hunger is vital not just for human well-being but also for achieving the broader sustainable development agenda by 2030.